Cultivated. Selected sorts from Bulgaria.
We cultivate and offer to your attention 5 sorts cornus mas:
Sort Kazanlak – it is the basic sort. It is the best, with the prettiest blossoms. The fruits are in the shape of a pear, large with length to 37 mm and weight 8-9 gr. in case of good care and irrigation. The fruit do not become wormy. They ripe in August. From 40-years-old trees it is produced 100-150 kg fruit. They are consumed after mellowing. Size of the tree – up to 4-5 m height and 4-5 m width. It lives and gives fruit abundantly 100-200 years and more. “The one who plant a cornel tree leave a trace behind for centuries”. It is a very beautiful tree! It is one of the early honey-bearing trees.
Other sorts that are used as pollination are:
Shumen-large fruit, September; Pancharevo-large fruit, August; Shan-large fruit, August and Yellow-not large fruit, July/August.
Conditions: The cornel tree is not hard to please when talking about climate conditions. It grows in limy, silicate, dry and humid soils, as well as riverside and forest soils. Up to 1200 m above sea level. It is cold resistant and loves light but it grows and bears fruit in shady lots as well. The cornel tree is drought-resistant but it reacts very well to irrigation.
Significance: The fruit of the cornel tree posses high food and curative quality. Vitamin C up to 70-80 mg%, K, Ca, Mg, Ph, Fe and ctr. The fruit are part of many curative tea and drinks. They have a constipative effect as well as blood-stopping effect and it lowers the human temperature.
The fine bottled fruit and the incomparable syrups, jellies and jams of cornel fruit with their pleasant taste, aroma and rich red colour they stimulate the appetite of even the most desperate sick!
- the chocolate tree!
Because of the high adaptability to the conditions of the environment with ziziphus many abandoned gravel countryside with infertile soil can turn into profitable plantations.
Sort Lang – it comes from China. The sort with large fruit, fast growing, fast in fruit production, without thorn. The tree has strong growth up to 10 - 15 m. A venerable tree! Fruit are up to 50 mm long and weight up to 40 gr. It is honey-bearing-widely visited by bees. The tree blooms in June. Ziziphus does not damaged by spring and autumn frost.
Conditions: It is cultivated well in different types of soil. More favorable soils are the light sandy, clay soil to gravel soil, well drained, well preserved with organic elements. The tree is cultivated best in sunny, warm lots. It stands winter cold up to –28°C. It is extremely stable to dry weather but it reacts well even to insignificant irrigation.
Significance: The fruit are pleasant in taste, sour-sweet or very sweet/ They are exceptionally rich of vitamin C – into still unripe fruit – 2000 mg%; also contain vitamin P. The fruit are used not only for consummation but also for drying up (cut into pieces), candy, conservation. They have high medical and dietetic worth, especially in treatment of hypertonically sick. Also for stabilization of digestive system and ctr. The leaves are also used for medical treatment.
As the fruit look like chocolate sweets, people named the tree with love – the chocolate tree!
- the world tree!
Description– Diospyros kaki is native to China and Japan. It is a deciduous fruit tree. Kaki has broad stiff leaves and sweet orange eddible fruits. It is a slow growing globe-shaped tree eventually reaching up to 5 - 7 m tall. The deciduous leaves are large 10-15 cm in length. They emerge glossy bronze in spring and turn to gold to orange-red in Fall.
Light: Does best in full sun.
Moisture: Needs well drained, slightly acid soils, but they can tolerate a wider variety of conditions than most fruit trees. Kaki trees are drought tolerant.
Hardiness: Can stand winter temperatures as low as -25°C to -20°C. They are rarely bothered by diseases or pests, but sometimes scale insects can weaken trees. Control with horticultural oil spray.
Significance: They can be espaliered or used as specimen trees in mixed plantings, where their colorful fall foliage and fruits will be emphasized against an evergreen backdrop. They set fruit without pollination, and the fruits are usually seedless. The astringent varieties are commonly left on the tree until soft and fully ripe, when they can be eaten out of hand or used in cake. Ripe fruits can be frozen whole and eaten like frozen custard.
On the 9th of August 1945, the Plutonium bomb was dropped on Nagasaki. Near the epicenter one tree survived the bomb: the Kaki tree. This tree managed to survive the inferno. Its power for survival renders this tree the Tree for the World.
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